Crop Circle according to Physicist and Expert Scientist, PART - 1

 Crop circles, one of the biggest mysteries in the history of science. After nearly 400 years, are we any closer to the answer to this mystery?

If we read the news in the media about crop circles, we will still find it unclear. This shows that the media themselves are filled with doubts about the nature of this phenomenon. When Bower and Chorley claimed to have made hundreds of crop circles for 25 years, the media broadcast the news with great fanfare with headlines saying that this mystery had been solved, even though there were thousands of other crop circles that the two men did not make.

I still consider this mystery unsolved and am very surprised if the media pretends otherwise, like the BBC article that contains the news that crop circles are made by Wallabies, a kangaroo-like animal. Does the wallabie make circles in fractal and geometric patterns?

Therefore, it is interesting to see the opinion of a scientist who is more objective, in this case the physicist Richard Taylor, director of the materials science institute, University of Oregon. He wrote his views on an article published on physicsworld.com in August 2011 (you need to register to read it). Richard Taylor's writings were then published in various media and considered as the most possible approach in finding answers to the mystery of crop circles where he suggested the possibility of using equipment such as magnetrons.

Due to the furor of this post, I'll show you the post from physics world and let you guys read it for yourself. This long article will be very boring for some people, but for others, it is useful to refresh our knowledge about one of the greatest mysteries of this century.

The following is Prof.Richard Taylor's writing:

One night in July 1996, I was upstairs in a pub in the small town near Avebury in Wiltshire, enjoying a weekend getaway around a prehistoric site in the south of England. In the middle of the night, I was awakened by the sounds of three men talking in the car park below. They were holding and discussing a large piece of paper.

After 15 minutes of mysterious discussion, they drove down a country lane. On that night, 194 crop circles covering an area of ​​up to 115 meters appeared in the nearby fields of Windmill Hill. The pattern is an equation developed by Gaston Julia in 1918 consisting of circles forming three intertwined fractals.

This "Triple Julia" pattern is a complex pattern in mathematics. Even in the late 1980s, even the best computers didn't have the ability to display it on a monitor screen. Had it been three people who had printed the pattern onto a wheat field in just a few hours of the night? If so, how did they do it?

After 15 years, scientists still haven't solved the mystery. Even after the appearance of more than 10,000 patterns documented over the years, the formation of Crop Circles remains a great mystery to science.

Physicists who have done serious research into the techniques used by crop circle artists have come up with some extraordinary results, including some that have led to practical applications such as techniques to accelerate wheat growth. With the announcement that climate change has reduced wheat growth by up to 3%, this development offers great potential for society.

However, crop circle research is still not for the faint of heart because physicists who enter this world have to deal with media manipulation, scornful emails, conspiracy theorists, theories about collaborating with aliens and other nonsense. Not to mention the risk of being seen as a "less serious scientist" by their colleagues.

Speculation about the origin of crop circles has been growing since they were first reported in England in the 1600s. From rolling hedgehogs, cattle peeing, couples dancing happily to the action of the "mowing Devil". In 1678, a series of circles that appeared in Hartfordshire were deemed to be the work of the devil because the technique of their manufacture seemed to surpass that of humans. According to a report from the News Out of Hartfordshire in 1678, "The devil put every hay with such precision in one night that if done by humans it would take centuries".

The report also features a woodcut print indicating that the stalks of wheat in the circle were even not broken - a characteristic of crop circles that have persisted to the present day.

The first scientific explanation of crop circles focused on cyclones. In 1686, the British scientist, Robert Plot, discussed the formation of crop circles in terms of airflow from the sky. Similarly, observations of the night sky by another scientist, John Capron, in 1880 showed an "auroral beam" caused by the wind above the "circle point" of a wheatfield formation tilted flush with the ground (Nature 22 290).

When this phenomenon gains momentum, formations with new patterns appear, namely patterns with many circles. Most observers conclude that these formations contain mathematical symbols that are so accurate that they must be the work of highly intelligent beings. As the 20th century passed, this conclusion sparked a heated alien versus human debate with UFOlogists looking into outer space to find the creators of crop circles while cereologists (those who researched crop circles) concentrated on finding hoaxers.

This debate is complicated by the fact that the creators (whoever they are) of these formations were clearly connoisseurs of science. An example is one formation that appeared near the Chibolton Observatory in Hampshire which appeared to be in response to a "Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence" signal beamed into space 30 years earlier.

While the debate continues, some scientists continue to try to find alternative natural explanations. One of the most influential is Terence Meaden, a meteorologist and physicist at Dalhousie University, Canada. In 1980 he confirmed Capron's theory by proposing that the geographically sloping character of southern England had affected local air currents which then caused a whirlwind to stabilize long enough to make a loop in a wheat field.

Meaden's scientific explanation then received a major blow in 1991 when two men in their 60s stated that they had been making crop circles for more than 25 years. This statement was greeted with joy by the British media. Their hobby began one mid-1970s night when artist Douglas Bower told a story to his friend, David Chorley, about an Australian farmer who reported seeing a UFO fly into the sky and leave a circular "saucer nest" trail. As Bower and Chorley left the pub to head home, they drove through the outskirts of the village and then formed their first line-up.

In the process of this prank, the two men accidentally spark a 15-year duel between art and physics. Bower and Chorley were actually trying to start the UFO Hoax. But when Meaden's theory of crop circles started to gain attention, they increased the number of crop circles, hoping to show that these formations were unrelated to the weather.

Meaden, on the other hand, proved to be a creative opponent. While Bower and Chorley were telling the world their pranks, Meaden had moved from theory to weather patterns to an electromagnet-hydrodynamic Plasma Vortex that explained not only complex multi-circle patterns, but also the phenomenon of dead tractor batteries and strange flashing lights. Appears when the crop circle is formed.

Today, if we look back, such an explanation sounds far-fetched. But at the height of the debate, even Stephen Hawking was preparing to accept some of Meaden's theory. When a wave of crop circles appeared in the suburbs near his home in Cambridge in 1991, Hawking told a local newspaper that "crop circles must be hoaxes or formed by the movement of vortices in the air".

Feeling frustrated, Bower and Chorley then countered the theory with a pattern in which there were two circles and five squares.

At this point, even Meaden admits that this design, which researchers have dubbed the Pictograph, is the work of humans. Although he still argues that a simple pattern can be caused by weather phenomena. After all, after Bower and Chorley confessed to making about 250 formations, there are still about 1,000 formations whose origins are unknown. However, the presence of additional rectangles in crop circle formations does not only refute the theory of natural causes for crop circles. It also caused a turning point in the 400-year history of crop circles.C

we will continue this article in part 2 tomorrow, because there are still too much data and opinions that we have not written down.

Thanks for the patience.